In order to deal with the wide range of musical, acoustic, and situational circumstances that might come your way (not to mention your own personal taste), a large number of mic types, styles, and designs are available for use as "sonic tools." Because the particular sonic characteristics of a mic might be best suited to a specific range of applications, engineers can use their artistic talents to get the best possible sound from an acoustic source by carefully choosing the mic or series of mics that fit the specific pickup application at hand.
In audio production, three microphone transducer types are used:
Sound files courtesy of ArtistPro/CoursePTR, courseptr.com/artistpro (Professional Microphone Techniques, David Miles Huber & Philip Williams)